Nitric Oxide Society

Selective Catalytic Reduction – How NOx Reduction Make the World Go Green

With the turn of the century, there has been an increase in concern over the health of the planet. Scientist and the government work hard to try and make changes to the environment. There was a realization that without the world, there was no life and therefore, it was imperative to save the world. With nations continuing to industrialize, it has become increasingly difficult to curb the greenhouse gases and dangerous toxins that are destructive to the world.

One of those toxins is called NOx. NO is nitric oxide and NO2 is nitrogen dioxide. Both of these are components of NOx in different concentrations. Typically, people have no idea that there is NOx around because not only is it colorless, it also has no odor. Because of this, it can unwittingly be released into the environment.

There are a plethora of places that have nitrogen oxide emissions. Almost half of all these emissions come directly from automobiles. At the turn of the century, a lot of people were driving around in large, gas guzzling SUVs that did nothing more than produce an increase in these emissions.  Ironically, the economic downturn has shaped the society into a more green-friendly nation.  However, anything that uses some sort of a hydrocarbon for its gas will produce some form of NOx. Typically, most are found to be NO.

Often times, people question why this matters. They don’t appreciate the environmental concerns connected to NOx. The most important concern is the effect NOx has on the human respiratory system. NO combines with ammonia which leads to the formation of nitric acid which is an incredibly strong acid that can do a serious amount of damage to the body. Small particles get into the lungs and puncture holes in them which can lead to a potentially fatal result.

There are things that are being done to try and prevent this NOx from becoming too much of an issue. In some areas, one of the big tools being used is selective catalytic reduction. What this does in non-technical terms is create elemental nitrogen and water. Neither of these is harmful on the environment. In more technical terms, urea is used in the engine and then broken down into ammonia. The products of this reaction, after it has gone through a catalyst are those elemental nitrogen and water.

The SCR Catalyst has been shown to do a significant amount of work on the NOx reduction. However, there are other routes, as well, that can be used to try and reduce the NOx concentrations in the environment. One of these is the use of engine management which, as the name suggests, is the control of the amount of emissions in an engine. There are fewer emissions released, but then the engine runs less effectively which results in the build-up of soot.

One final method is a NOx trap which catches the NOx and then catalytically converts that stored NOx, through acts of reduction, into basic N2 and CO2. Nitrogen in its elemental form is not damaging to the environment. While CO2 can be damaging to the environment, it is not nearly as damaging as the NOx gases that are released by the automobiles. CO2 is the lesser of two evils.

What these three techniques have in common is that they all are trying to reduce the NOx levels. However, SCR catalyst is the one that has been shown to have the most effect on the reduction of NOx concentration levels. There is no concern of a lower effectiveness of the automobile and there is no need for a “lesser of two evils” approach because most of the NOx is converted into water and elemental nitrogen. The only downfall is that there needs to be some way of getting the urea into the system. If that occurs, this is definitely an effective tool.

Each technique has its ups and downs. Some work better than others (SCR), but even that has its negatives. It is important to determine what the cost to productiveness ratio is that automobile companies are willing to spend. What is too much? What is clear, though, is that the environment is not getting any stronger and if people are truly concerned about it, they need to take the necessary steps to prevent against further degradation, if that means spending a little more money, that might be the necessary course of action.

About the Author

Ant Onaf is a content producer in association with Cormetech Inc., a leading producer of titania-based ceramic honeycomb catalyst for nitrogen oxide emissions control used in Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) systems for air pollution control.


Blood Age Problem








Engine speed and load effects on charge dilution and nitric oxide emission


Engine speed and load effects on charge dilution and nitric oxide emission




Effects of spark location and combustion duration on nitric oxide and hydrocarbon emissions (SAE)


Effects of spark location and combustion duration on nitric oxide and hydrocarbon emissions (SAE)




Exhaust-port fuel injection for chemical reduction of nitric oxide (SAE)


Exhaust-port fuel injection for chemical reduction of nitric oxide (SAE)





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How To Naturally Get A Thicker Penis – Nitric Oxide For Better Erections – Thicker And Wider Penis

How To Naturally Get A Thicker Penis

A penis male enlargement device is one of the many options available for men looking to increase the size of their penis. This article will discuss the various penis male enlargement devices currently on the market plus also provide some other safe but permanent options for safe penis male enlargement

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With no doubt penis male enlargement pills and exercise will help to enlarge your penis. If you take pills and do jelqing exercise at the same time the result will be achieved faster. The secret of the penis male enlargement method is balancing.

Some men are pleased with their penis size. Most men however are not and would kill to know how to add more length or girth. Surveys have suggested that women think more of girth than they do of length when it comes to being effective in the bedroom. It’s no wonder then that men crave that extra bit of width.

Many men are unhappy with their penis size. Most men are a bit shy of the average size of 6 inches but there was never a way to change this until now. In fact the desire to enlarge and enhance the penis has resulted in a multimillion dollar industry of products to improve male sexual health.

The penis male enlargement methods that really work are the ones that bring more blood-flow to the penis and create a memory-effect to the penis. One of the most influential and relatively easy to do penis male enlargement methods is the Kegel exercise. In this exercise the sphincter muscle is flexed and contracted alternately and an exercise routine that will end up with your penis being enlarged within a relatively short period of time.

Are you feed up with size of your manhood? Do you feel inadequate around women and indeed other guys?

About the Author


Bodybuilding BEST Nitric Oxide: BadAssGenetics.com








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Nitric Oxide Cardiovascular Health

Chocolate Tea and Cardiovascular Health

Heart disease is recognized worldwide as the leading cause of death. High cholesterol, hardening of the arteries, and damaging of blood vessels due to high blood pressure are all factors related to cardiovascular health.

Medical experts and nutritionists recommend a heart healthy diet and plenty of exercise to combat heart disease. Research also suggests that antioxidants could play a vital role in helping to support cardiovascular health.

Epigallocatechin gallate, ECGC in Green Tea, procyanidins & epicatechins in pure Cocoa and the powerful antioxidant resveratrol have been studied extensively for their antioxidant value, particularly for their benefit to heart health. Along with a heart healthy diet and exercise, research indicates these flavonoids, if included regularly in your diet, may help to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Their potency is dependent on their antioxidant value. Antioxidant value is measured in ORAC (Total Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity). Raw cocoa in its purest form has the highest ORAC value of 26,000 units and dark chocolate with an ORAC of 13,120. Green Tea is marked at 1,220 ORAC and red grapes which contain resveratrol have an ORAC of 750.

Heart Healthy Antioxidants from Green Tea, Chocolate and Resveratrol
Epidemiological studies show that these antioxidants help to improve heart health in a number of ways. They basically work in the same way to support cardio-protective health. 1,2

Atherosclerosis
Studies show that flavonoids can help to dilate the brachial artery by 3.9% after the first 30 minutes from the time of ingestion.3 It is believed that Resveratrol and antioxidants found in Green Tea, Chocolate and Resveratrol help to stimulate the production of nitric oxide, which in turns helps to relax the blood vessels, increasing its dilation. This results in improved flow and circulation. Poor flow and circulation is the main reason for the progression of atherosclerosis, or hardening of the heart arteries.

These particular antioxidants also help to protect the arteries by reducing the oxidation of LDL cholesterol which leads to plaque formation in the arteries. 4-7

Myocardial Infarction
ECGC in Green Tea, Procyanidin in Chocolate and Resveratrol are believed to help block a protein in the blood that is responsible for inflammatory damage to the heart after a myocardial infarction. These antioxidants help to reduce the death of heart muscle cells by reducing the damage to the cells caused by oxidation. In addition, green tea is also believed to accelerate the recovery of patients who have suffered myocardial infarction. 8-15

Coronary Artery Disease
Studies indicate that regularly including these antioxidants in your diet may offer cardio-protective results. ECGC in Green Tea, Epicatechin and Procyanidin in Chocolate and Resveratrol are all believed to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease by supporting good blood flow and circulation in the heart, helping to reduce oxidative damage caused by free radical activity. 16-18, 20-22, 26

Belinda Linden, head of medical information at the British Heart Foundation said: “Green tea has, in the past, been associated with a reduced risk of coronary artery disease, with claims that its high antioxidant properties may cut the amount of cholesterol in the artery wall.”

These antioxidants are also believed to have anti-thrombotic properties. This means it helps to reduce the clotting of blood, or thrombosis which can lead to a stroke or heart attack.19, 23-25

Blood Pressure
Reseveratrol and antioxidants found in Green Tea and Chocolate help to reduce the risk of high blood pressure. According to the Internal Medicine Archives (July 2004), there is a 46% reduced risk of developing high blood pressure for people who drank ½ to 2 ½ cups of green tea a day for one year. The risk was 65% lower for people who drank more than 2 ½ cups a day. 27-30

Lowering Bad Cholesterol
Studies show that these antioxidants increase the liver’s LDL receptors. These receptors bind LDL, the bad cholesterol, and expel it through the digestive system without synthesizing it. This helps to support the regulation of normal cholesterol levels. 31-34

Chocolate Tea
The combination of Cocoa, Green Tea and Resveratrol produces a powerful drink that supports heart health. CocoPure contains all three ingredients with absolutely no fat, no milk or sugars. It has an ORAC value of 5,250 for every 7.4 grams.

References:

  1. Evidence that the antioxidant flavonoids in tea and cocoa are beneficial for cardiovascular health. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2002 Feb;13(1):41-9
  2. Effects of cocoa flavanols on risk factors for cardiovascular disease, Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17 Suppl 1:284-7. PMID: 18296357
  3. Atherosclerosis
    Green Tea

  4. The acute effect of green tea consumption on endothelial function in healthy individuals. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation, 2008; 15 (3): 300 DOI: 10.1097/HJR.0b013e3282f4832f
  5. Tea catechins inhibit cholesterol oxidation accompanying oxidation of low density lipoprotein in vitro. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2001 Feb;128(2):153-64.
  6. Tea catechin consumption reduces circulating oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Int Heart J. 2007 Nov;48(6):725-32.
  7. Chocolate

  8. Proximate, Mineral and Procyanidin Content of Certain Foods and Beverages Consumed by the Kuna Amerinds of Panama J Food Cmpstn & Anal 2001;14:553-563.
  9. Resveratrol

  10. Resveratrol, a Polyphenolic Phytoalexin Present in Red Wine, Enhances Expression and Activity of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase, Circulation. 2002;106:1652-1658, American Heart Association, Inc.
  11. Myocardial Infarction
    Green Tea

  12. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits STAT-1 activation and protects cardiac myocytes from ischemia/reperfusion-induced apoptosis. FASEB J. 2004 Oct;18(13):1621-3. Epub 2004 Aug 19.
  13. Possible contribution of green tea drinking habits to the prevention of stroke. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1989 Apr;157(4):337-43.
  14. Protective effects of green tea catechins on cerebral ischemic damage. Med Sci Monit. 2004 Jun;10(6):BR166-74. Epub 2004 Jun 1.
  15. Neuroprotective effects of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate following hypoxia-ischemia-induced brain damage: novel mechanisms of action. FASEB J. 2005 Feb;19(2):258-60. Epub 2004 Nov.
  16. Chocolate

  17. Antioxidants in chocolate. Lancet 1996;348:834.
  18. Red wine, chocolate and vascular health: developing the evidence base, Heart 2008;94:821-823; doi:10.1136/hrt.2008.143909, British Cardiovascular Society
  19. Resveratrol

  20. Cardioprotective effect of resveratrol, a natural antioxidant derived from grapes, Cardiovascular Research 2000 47(3):549-555; doi:10.1016/S0008-6363(00)00102-4, European Society of Cardiology
  21. Mechanism of cardioprotection by resveratrol, a phenolic antioxidant present in red wine, Int J Mol Med. 2001 Jul;8(1):3-17. PMID: 11408943.
  22. Coronary Artery Disease
    Green Tea

  23. Effects of green tea intake on the development of coronary artery disease. Circ J. 2004 Jul;68(7):665-70.
  24. Relation between green tea consumption and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis among Japanese men and women. Ann Epidemiol. 2000 Aug;10(6):401-8.
  25. The green tea, a good choice for cardiovascular disease prevention? Arch Latinoam Nutr. 2004 Dec;54(4):380-94.
  26. Antithrombotic activities of green tea catechins and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate. Thromb Res. 1999 Nov 1;96(3):229-37.
  27. Chocolate

  28. Flavonoid intake and coronary mortality in Finland: a cohort study. Brit Med J 1996;312:478-81. Hertog M, Kromhout D, Aravanis C, et al.
  29. Dietary antioxidant flavonoids and risk of coronary heart disease: the Zutphen Elderly Study. Lancet 1993;342:1007-11. Hollman PC, Hertog MGL, Katan MB.
  30. Role of dietary flavonoids in protection against cancer and coronary heart disease. Biochem Soc Transact 1996;24:785-9. 5 Rein D, Paglieroni TG, Wun T, Pearson DA, Schmitz HH, Gosselin R, and Keen CL.
  31. Cocoa inhibits platelet activation and function Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:30-5.
  32. Dark Chocolate Improves Coronary Vasomotion and Reduces Platelet Reactivity, Circulation. 2007;116:2376-2382, American Heart Association, Inc
  33. Cocoa inhibits platelet activation and function, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 72, No. 1, 30-35, July 2000, American Society for Clinical Nutrition
  34. Resveratrol

  35. Resveratrol attenuates TNF- -induced activation of coronary arterial endothelial cells: role of NF- B inhibition, Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 291: H1694-H1699, 2006.
  36. Blood Pressure
    Green Tea

  37. Epigallocatechin gallate, a green tea polyphenol, mediates NO-dependent vasodilation using signaling pathways in vascular endothelium requiring reactive oxygen species and Fyn. J Biol Chem. 2007 May 4;282(18):13736-45. Epub 2007 Mar 15.
  38. Prevention of hypertension, cardiovascular damage and endothelial dysfunction with green tea extracts. Am J Hypertens. 2007 Dec;20(12):1321-8.
  39. The protective effect of habitual tea consumption on hypertension. Arch Intern Med. 2004 Jul 26;164(14):1534-40.
  40. Chocolate

  41. Cocoa Reduces Blood Pressure and Insulin Resistance and Improves Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Hypertensives, Hypertension. 2005;46:398-405, American Heart Association, Inc.
  42. Lowering Bad Cholesterol
    Green Tea

  43. Relation of green tea consumption to serum lipids and lipoproteins in Japanese men. J Epidemiol. 1996 Sep;6(3):128-33.
  44. Cholesterol-lowering effect of a theaflavin-enriched green tea extract: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 2003 Jun 23;163(12):1448-53.
  45. Effectiveness of moderate green tea consumption on antioxidative status and plasma lipid profile in humans. J Nutr Biochem. 2005 Mar;16(3):144-9.
  46. Chocolate

  47. Penn State (2001, October 24). Cocoa And Dark Chocolate Show Positive Effects On Ldls – But Don’t Shun Veggies. ScienceDaily.

About the Author

New Vitality is a health supplements company. It develops supplement products which are carefully formulated under the guidance of an elite panel comprised of renowned doctors, nutritionists, chemists and researchers. Whether you want a nutritional supplement, pet health supplement, a personal care product or a health care product, New Vitality is a one-stop shop for all needs.


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